Programmatic video ad platform Tube Mogul has been investing "significant time and resources" to grow its programmatic TV offering, as company CMO Keith Eadie noted.

Spain. July 2, 1494. A stone-cold morning. Spanish King Ferdinand II complains to his queen, Isabella: "The Portuguese. Always the Portuguese." Isabella munches on a quail egg and light toast. "Boundaries," he murmurs.

Earlier this year, projections from IPG Mediabrands' Magna Global noted that "programmatic TV" spend would top $10 billion in the U.S. by 2019. Now new estimates give us a look at what the worldwide programmatic TV market could look like before the decade closes.